Firstly, we looked at the nervour system and reflexes at the start of term. We did this in the library and not everyone completed the work in class, so make sure you understand this diagram and can explain how the body senses stimuli (being touched, sound, light etc.) and sends messages through the sensoory neurons to the relay neurons which pass a message to the motor neurons. The motor neurons' job is to make the body do something to respond to the stimulus, like putting arms over the head to protect from a loud sound, closing the pupil to avoid a bright light or releasing a hormone to cause a change in the body during stressful situations.
Make sure you can explain these reflexes as follows:
Stimulus - receptor - sensory neurone - relay neurone - motor neurone - effector - response
E.g. :
Bright light - eye - sensroy neurone - relay neurone - motor neurone - muscles around pupil - pupil gets smaller
Diagram of the neurones involved in a reflex action, in this case a pin. |
Hormones can also help control things and keep them constant, called HOMEOSTASIS. This is where the body uses hormones as well as other things to keep many things in the body within certain limits - such as blood sugar, temperature and water balance. You will need to be able to explain at least one of these systems.
MAke sure that this section all makes sense, we have to move quickly to cover drugs before the test in late November - I'll give exact dates in class. Email me or ask in class if you are unsure about anything.
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